BUILD SOLAR POWER PLANTS

Characteristics of solar power plants  (more about solar power plants)

Solar power plant must be safe, from the viewpoint of equipment and installation, during installation, operation and use. Safety must be taken into account from the design phase to the phase of installation and operation system.
The choice of the best components will result in a system of high-performance, and will be, with proper maintenance, to achieve its proper operation and efficiency of investments.

 

FIGURE 1: Solar power plant on the roof of the building

Due to the fact that during the operation does not produce harmful gases or noise photovoltaic module is part of today's solutions for the production of clean energy and environmental protection. The energy from the photovoltaic system can help reduce consumption of fossil fuels, as well as significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from the power sector.

(A new dimension for solar energy- click here)

In this sense, these systems are sized so to achieve the highest possible energy production, in accordance with the physical and financial capabilities.
Performance depends on the local legal framew.

The entire energy output is submitted to the network, usually defined by the preferential price (ie, the feed-in tariff) that is greater than the usual tariff rates

-  The use of electricity for their own use of the building and handing over only the surplus generated electricity

Design of a photovoltaic system determines its lifetime. Photovoltaic systems must be carefully designed taking into account all influencing factors in order to achieve

best features of the available resources and possible systemic losses and achieve a return on your investment. This result can be achieved in several ways, but the best method is the selection of appropriate components of the system (eg. An efficient selection of the inverter can be achieved up to 2% higher production) and installation techniques.

Requirements and installation process must be clear and detailed in order to achieve the desired level of quality of the system. In addition, it is already at the stage of designing a plan to maintain the system, even if it is expected that he will in the later stages to be adapted to the requirements of specific installations.

The components of a photovoltaic system (photovoltaic panels, inverters and other equipment) must be carefully selected and paired with each other, in order to avoid losses wherever possible and reduce where they are unavoidable.

Selection of solar modules - technology 

(A new dimension for solar energy- click here)

The designer must take into account the efficiency and the average specific price for different PV panel production technology, as well as all electrical parameters and costs of installation and maintenance. The project should present the owner of the photovoltaic system different scenarios, so that he decided for it acceptable solution.

The solution with the lowest cost in the stage of installation must not ultimately represent the best solution, since it is due to the unexpected increase in the cost of maintenance or the reduction of production can jeopardize
profitability of investments.

 

Solar strings equal power

Solar panels are connected in series to series. Several strings are connected in parallel in the field and thus increasing their overall power. Solar strings should be equal force in order to ensure proper and efficient operation of the entire PV field.

Connecting cables

All cables from each series are interconnected in a junction box. Appropriate protective equipment should be selected for the safety of the facility and staff: Fuses, RCD
protection switch.

Scaling (selection) cables

Section and length of cables should be selected on the basis of two factors:

•      Maximum permitted voltage drop on the water must be in accordance with national legislation

•      Maximum current is determined by:

1. Short-circuit Temperature

2. Temperature normal operation based on the characteristics of the cable and  its exposure to external influences

Shading

Opacities have a great impact on the production of electricity from photovoltaic systems. Even partial shading panel section significantly affect the overall output fields. Shading affect the efficient operation of the system and should be considered already in the design phase - PV field is to be stored in carefully chosen location, taking care to possibly shading affects only one set.

The temperature of the panel

Increasing the temperature of the panel resulting in a reduction of its output power (about 0.5% per 1 ° C for crystalline silicon). Adequate ventilation for cooling should be provided the back of the PV field (usually at least 25 mm of air gap from the back side).

In systems integrated into buildings that are usually handled ventilated space behind the panel.

The usual pitched roofs airflow is achieved by spacing the carrier panel over the roof and openings on the top and bottom of the field.

 

Ventilation Inverter

Inverters dissipates a certain amount of heat and must be cooled in some way. Inverters should be placed in a certain space, according to the manufacturer, which is
most often highlighted in the manual for installation and maintenance. Failure to follow these instructions can result in reduced efficiency of inverter and its accelerated aging.
Special labeling "Do not block ventilation inverter" should be installed near the inverter.

 

Solar power plant-operation and maintenance

Assuming that it is accepted good practice design and are in the process of installation and commissioning of applied appropriate procedures, at the beginning of its work photovoltaic
the system should achieve a high level of performance. However, it is important that this level is maintained for the lifetime of the PV system to achieve maximum benefit. This implies the need for continuous visual examinations, measurements of external characteristics, measurements of electrical parameters, cleaning PV panel, disabling and avoid new shadows, local and remote monitoring of relevant parameters of PV systems.